KB回答：印度應(yīng)該把鐵路轉(zhuǎn)變成私人部門嗎？

Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam
Independent Legal Banking Consultant at Self-Employment
Corruption vs Exploitation
Take the Chinese Railways
Even the worst enemies of China would acknowledge that China has among the CLEANEST, NEAREST, FASTEST and MOST EFFICIENT RAILWAY SERVICE in the world - on par with or even ahead of their Japanese or European counterparts
In a line with REGULAR SPEED (Max Speed 116 KPH) - you will often see announcements saying
We apologize for the delay of Train No XXXX by 2 minutes due to unavoidable fog
For HSR, a delay of more than 1 minute warrants an inquiry
China has the same people using the railways as India does
China subsidizes it's railways to a far larger extent than India does
So how is China able to manage when India is unable to?
China sure aint privatizing their Railways right?
The Answer is the STRUCTURE OF Chinese RAILWAYS
The Railways Minister equivalent has only one job - LAND ACQUISITION needed for expansion
The Railways minister has only one target - ENSURE THE RAILWAYS NEEDS LESSER TAXPAYER MONEY AND CAN RUN ITSELF AS FAR AS POSSIBLE
This is because the Entire Railways is Run and Managed by a COMPANY
China Railway Group Co
This is a Company and not a ministry that runs and builds and manages the entire Railway System
It is like ANY OTHER COMPANY with its own employees
You have Performance efficiency
You have Evaluation
The Drivers of the Trains called D/E (Driver cum Engineer) get Bonuses for three months perfect timings and get reprimanded if there are long average delays (> 2 minutes for HSR and > 8–10 minutes for Normal Rail)
The Ministry is involved only when there is corruption or quality issues or legal issues
Otherwise the Ministry has no real role
Yet the CRG is Government Owned
India is the opposite
The Railways Minister (Today he is a Rubber Stamp to the PM) handles every decision including when someone can Poop or take a leak
You want to increase your cleaning budget of a station?
You need 5 Memos and wait for 8 months
A Station master who takes initiative could get an anonymous letter and end up with an inquiry
Not to mention the UNMITIGATED CORRUPTION at every level
A mere 15 Million RMB corruption gets a death sentence which means the guy is certain never to leave a 20*10 cell until he is lifted out after death either by injection or old age
In India?
India has done nothing to stem corruption or inefficiency
You want to hand over the Railways to these guys?
That would INCREASE the corruption not decrease it
These guys are rapacious capitalist predators who make nothing affordable
They would want to maximize profit
They would raise ticket prices yet keep quality low
And the Corrupt Government will turn a blind eye to everything
Like this Gentleman MINISTER who denies paper leaks 3 days into his Job after the registering of 41 cases of paper leak by Police in Bihar , UP, MH and Gujarat (All BJP or Allied States)
So Privatization won't help an inch
What India needs is to restructure the entire railways and maximize income and minimize corruption
Something way beyond the intellect of this man whose limited brain capacity is only capable of saying “Let's sell this and build a statue”
More Nigerian Brain than Indian Brain in that way

腐敗 VS 剝削
以中國鐵路為例。
即便是中國死敵都會承認(rèn)中國擁有世界上最干凈，最快和最高效的鐵路服務(wù)，比肩甚至是超越日本和歐洲。
在常規(guī)速度（最高時速116公里）的線路上，你經(jīng)常會聽到廣播說：抱歉，列車因為大霧天延遲了2分鐘。
對于高鐵而言，超過一分鐘的延誤就會進(jìn)行調(diào)查。
中國乘坐火車的人數(shù)和印度差不多。
中國對自己鐵路的補貼遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了印度。
所以為什么中國可以有效管理，印度卻不行？
中國也沒有對鐵路進(jìn)行私有化，不是嗎？
答案就是中國鐵路的結(jié)構(gòu)。
鐵路部長只有一個職責(zé)——為鐵路擴張進(jìn)行征地。
鐵路部長只有一個目標(biāo)——確保鐵路需要更少的資金，并盡可能開得更遠(yuǎn)。
這是因為整個鐵路是由一家公司來進(jìn)行運營和管理的。
這家公司就叫中鐵集團(tuán)。
這家公司運行，建設(shè)和管理著整個中國鐵路系統(tǒng)。
這就像是任何一家企業(yè)，有自己的員工。
所以有運行效率，有評估。
列車駕駛員被稱為司機兼工程師，如果連續(xù)三個月都準(zhǔn)時沒有延誤，就能獲得獎金，如果延誤時間較長（高鐵超過2分鐘，普通列車超過8-10分鐘），就會受到懲戒。
鐵路部門只有在發(fā)生腐敗或者質(zhì)量問題或者法律問題時才會介入。
否則的話鐵路部門不扮演任何實際角色。
然而這家公司是政府所有的。
而印度則相反。
鐵路部長（如今他就是總理的橡皮圖章）處理所有的大小事，包括人們什么時候大小便。
你想要提高某個車站的清潔預(yù)算？
你需要提交5個備忘錄并等待8個月。
提出要求的車站站長會收到匿名信，并以調(diào)查告終。
更不用說各個層面的腐敗了。
在中國，貪污1500萬就會被判處死刑，這意味著貪污者永遠(yuǎn)無法離開監(jiān)獄，直到被注射死刑或者老死。
在印度呢？
印度沒有采取任何措施來抑制腐敗和低效。
你想把鐵路交給這些人？
那只會增加腐敗而不是減少。
這些人是貪婪的資本主義掠奪者，造出來的東西沒人用得起。
他們想要利潤最大化。
他們會提高票價，但是保持低品質(zhì)。
而腐敗的政府會睜一只眼閉一只眼，
所以私有化不會有任何助益。
印度需要做的是重組整個鐵路，進(jìn)行收入最大化和腐敗最小化。
而莫迪根本不具備這方面的智商，其有限的腦容量只會說“我們把這個賣掉并建一個雕像吧”。
這方面而言，尼日利亞比印度聰明。

Frédéric
You’ve posted the wrong logo at the beginning.
China Railway Group is actually a railway construction company, it doesn’t operate any railway lines.
The company running China’s railways is China State Railway Group.

你搞錯了。中鐵建設(shè)實際上是一家鐵路建造公司，并不運營任何的鐵路路線。運營中國鐵路的公司叫中國鐵路總公司。

VM
India has a serious accountability problem. Unlike china, for any offense, the bureaucrats rarely get punished except for a small suspension.
We'll improve massively if accountability mechanisms are established which ensure that heads roll in case of any mishap/corruption.

印度存在著嚴(yán)重的問責(zé)制問題。不像中國，對于任何的犯罪，官僚很少被懲罰，最多就是停職。
如果建立問責(zé)制，只要有腐敗和違法行為就嚴(yán)厲懲罰的話，那我們就能得到很大的提升。

Skyhigh
And here even getting a ticket won't save you on train. You have to learn to tweet online to sit on your seat on train, learn the railway helpline number to use a clean toilet and even gotta check the prices of cockroach infested food because they will dupe you.

甚至買到票你也未必有位置坐。 你必須學(xué)會在網(wǎng)上發(fā)推特才能坐到你的列車位置上，要知道鐵路服務(wù)熱線號碼才能使用到干凈的衛(wèi)生間，甚至還要查一下被蟑螂污染的食物的價格，因為他們會詐騙你。