歐盟圈討論:在歐洲各國,舉國討厭首都的情況有多普遍?
How common is national hatred for the capital city?
譯文簡介
在華沙,新來的人被稱為“s?oiki”,意思是“罐子”,這個笑話的點是:他們每周一抵達華沙的時候都會自帶一組新的、裝進玻璃罐里的自制食物。
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I have yet to visit a country where it isn't similar.
I think it's easily explained, at least for Austria.
It's the only city that deserves being called a city, so the culture is quite different compared to anywhere else. People are perceived less friendly, more distant, more snobby. That's just how cities are, if you come from a rural environment like I did when I moved here. Easy to believe everyone is an asshole, if you're not used to it.
It's also quite far in the east, so for anyone in the west it's this weird far away place that for some reason has power over them.
(奧地利)我造訪過的國家里,還沒有不是這樣的。
我認(rèn)為這很容易解釋,至少對奧地利來說是這樣。
維也納是(我國)唯一一個有資格被稱為城市的,所以和其他任何地方相比,這里的文化是截然不同的。人們被認(rèn)為不那么友好,更冷淡,更勢利。如果你像我一樣出身農(nóng)村然后搬到了這里,就會覺得城市就這德性。如果你無法習(xí)慣它,就很容易相信每個人都是混蛋。
這里的方位也很靠東,所以對西部人來說,這就是個古怪而遙遠的地方,卻出于某種原因,能支配他們。
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In general, I do not percei ve a great hatred towards Rome, it may be that Italy is accustomed to a traditional polycentrism, whereby, several centres are regional poles of attraction, so that, in general, they can become the obxt of dislikes or sympathies. For example, I live in the North, in a medium-sized city, and some see Milan as a lively, avant-garde and open city and feel a certain admiration, others, see it as a neurotic city and despise certain attitudes associated with the Milanese and conversely extol a less 'urban' lifestyle. Perhaps those who live in the centre have a similar opinion of Rome, but speeches openly against it I have usually only heard from regionalists who see it as a symbol of corruption and scandals associated with politics.
(意)總的來說,我并沒有察覺到人們對羅馬有多大的仇恨,這可能是因為意大利習(xí)慣于傳統(tǒng)的多中心主義,即有若干個中心,均為散發(fā)吸引力的區(qū)域性磁極,所以一般而言,它們可能會成為人們不喜歡或同情的對象。例如,我住在北方一個中等規(guī)模的城市,有些人會把米蘭看成一個充滿生氣、前衛(wèi)和開放的城市,并感到某種欽羨,另一些人則把它看成一個神經(jīng)兮兮的城市,并鄙視和米蘭人有關(guān)的某些態(tài)度,反而去贊美一種不那么“城市”的生活方式。也許那些住在中心的人對羅馬也有類似的看法,但公開反對羅馬的言論,我通常只會從地方主義者那里聽到,他們把羅馬看成了腐敗和涉政丑聞的象征。
(回,意)意大利的情況不同,人們通常都以正面的視角看待羅馬,不會對來自羅馬的人抱持與羅馬有關(guān)的不好的刻板印象。反而是米蘭,普遍很招人厭。
Quite common in Romania, as it is quite a centralized country and until recently 90% of well paid jobs were only in the capital, Bucharest. The attitude of some of the inhabitants of the city doesn't really help, arrogance towards people with different accents is common and they are often ridiculed and scammed by taxi drivers for example.
(羅馬尼亞)這種現(xiàn)象在羅馬尼亞相當(dāng)普遍,因為它是一個相當(dāng)集中化的國家,直到最近,90%的高薪工作都只存在于首都布加勒斯特。該城一部分居民的態(tài)度也多多少少起了一些壞作用,對口音不同的人態(tài)度傲慢是很常見的,比如說,他們經(jīng)常被出租車司機嘲笑、誆騙。
這種情況也發(fā)生在其他大城市,比如克盧日和蒂米什瓦拉,他們甚至為新來者起了個名字,“vinituri”,可以翻譯為“到達者”。具有諷刺意味的是,最激進地反對“到達者”的人群往往是去年的“到達者”。
(回,波)在華沙,新來的人被稱為“s?oiki”,意思是“罐子”,這個笑話的點是:他們每周一抵達華沙的時候都會自帶一組新的、裝進玻璃罐里的自制食物。
I think what sets Amsterdam apart from other national capitals is that absolutely no ruling whatsoever is done there. All the ruling is done in The Hague, leaving Amsterdam as a huge tourist trap and the playground of the rich and pretentious.
我認(rèn)為阿姆斯特丹與其他國家首都的不同之處在于,無論那里做了什么事,都完全不包括統(tǒng)治。所有的裁決都在海牙完成,這就讓阿姆斯特丹變成了一個巨大的旅游陷阱,成了有錢人和裝逼犯的游樂場。
Yes
Well hate is a stong word, and the relationship with Stockholm is similar to that of Norway, we like to make jokes about them and portray the people from there in less than favourable ways
And more seriously we also think that the capitalites are quite out of touch, especially all the politicians, rich folks and influencers with seagull level IQ, as well as the average stockholmer who also acts snobby and knows and cares about nothing outside the congestion zone.
We like the city, mostly, you quite often see people on sweddit talk about the fact that our capital is quite a beautiful city, but what we dont like is the people
(瑞典)是的。
好吧,仇恨是個很嚴(yán)重的詞,我們與斯德哥爾摩的關(guān)系就類似于我們與挪威的關(guān)系,我們喜歡開他們的玩笑,還會以不太討喜的方式描述那里的人。而更嚴(yán)肅的是,我們也認(rèn)為資本家們很孤陋寡聞,尤其是所有的政客、富人和有影響力的人,他們的智商只有海鷗的水平,還有就是斯德哥爾摩老百姓,他們也表現(xiàn)得很勢利,對擁堵區(qū)以外的事物一無所知,也毫不關(guān)心。
我們是喜歡這個城市的,大部分人都是喜歡的,你經(jīng)常能看到人們sweddit上談到我們的首都,說它其實是一個相當(dāng)漂亮的城市,但我們不喜歡的是那里的人。
"hatred" is a hard word, i would say a definitely dislike, yes. Specially from people from the second biggest city. Also fuelled by football rivalry. The most common arguments to justify the dislike are that the national organization of services and political decisions are too centralized (Lisbon is in the center region of the country) and because of that the balance of funds is tilted to Lisbon.
I guess this normal in many European countries
(葡)“憎恨”言重了,我覺得不喜歡肯定還是存在的。特別是來自第二大城市的人。足球隊間的較勁也會助長這種情緒。而正當(dāng)化這種討厭的最常見理由是,國家的服務(wù)組織和政治決策過于集中(里斯本位于我國的中心區(qū)域),也因為資金的平衡會向里斯本傾斜。
我猜這在很多歐洲國家都是正?,F(xiàn)象。
(回,葡)好吧,俗話說“葡萄牙就是里斯本,其他地方只是風(fēng)景”,我確實碰到過真這么想的人。
It is very common. People from other regions perceive Madrilenians as snobs, "chulos", etc.
Also there is the "Barcelona-Madrid kinda war" and a lot of peripherical nationalists just hate Madrid for what it represents (being the capital of the country they want to seccede from).
But a lot of people also say that Madrid is one of the most welcoming cities they have been to, so of course different people different opinions.
(西)這很普遍。在其他地區(qū)的人眼里,馬德里人是勢利小人,稱他們?yōu)椤癱hulos(自負的家伙)”什么的。
此外,還有“巴塞羅那和馬德里的暗戰(zhàn)”,很多邊緣的民族主義者一根筋地討厭馬德里,就因為它所代表的東西,即他們想脫離之國的首都。
但很多人也說,馬德里是他們?nèi)ミ^的最熱情好客的城市之一,所以當(dāng)然了,不同的人有不同的看法。
(回,西)雖然我討厭馬德里是因為其他原因,但我從來沒感覺到馬德里的馬德里人是傲慢的。只是他們一來到阿斯圖里亞斯地區(qū)(西班牙北部的自治區(qū)),就表現(xiàn)得像自戀、自以為是的混球。我們以前還經(jīng)常開這樣的玩笑,說馬德里把所有混蛋都踢出去了,然后把他們送到了我國的其他地方。
It's very common but it's more despise than actual hatred. Also France is very centralised, most of big companies, institution headquarters and studios are located in Paris, therefore most of opportunities are in Paris but it's also a very expensive city so very few people manage to "climb" to Paris professionally, so to say.
It has also a specific culture that feels disconnected from the rest of the country so the despise, that goes both way, is legit
(法)這個現(xiàn)象很常見,但更多是鄙視,而不是真正的憎恨。此外,法國是非常集中化的,大部分大公司、機構(gòu)總部和工作室都位于巴黎,因此大部分機會都在巴黎,但它也是一個生活成本很高的城市,這么說吧,能在職場上成功“爬”到巴黎的人少之又少。
那里也有一種獨特的文化,感覺上和我國其他地方是脫節(jié)的,所以這種雙向鄙視也算合理。
i made a comment that it is more so the people that live there, rather than the actual place itself. Edinburgh and London are both beautiful cities. It's just the people that live there are annoying. And the same is probably true for Paris, Berlin, Madrid, Brussels, Amsterdam etc.
(英格蘭)我曾發(fā)表過評論,說這更多是討厭生活在那里的人,而不是討厭那地方本身。愛丁堡和倫敦都是很美麗的城市。只是住在那里的人很煩人。巴黎、柏林、馬德里、布魯塞爾、阿姆斯特丹等也是如此。
I do dislike Lisbon. The people not really, even if some are a bit snob. The city simply represents all the centralism that the country has suffer in the past centuries. Everything is focus in Lisbon and all happens there. The opportunities, jobs, entertainment, the media, politics, etc, all is concentrated in Lisbon.
我是真不喜歡里斯本。說討厭這里的人也談不上,盡管有些人有點勢利眼。這座城市無非是代表了這個國家在過去幾個世紀(jì)中遭受的那些中央集權(quán)主義。一切焦點都匯集在里斯本,所有事情都發(fā)生在那里。機會、工作、娛樂、媒體、政治等等,全都集中在里斯本。
Such that I chose to move abroad for better job opportunities than to move to Lisbon.
我認(rèn)為這是對國家發(fā)展的一大限制。因此,我不喜歡里斯本及其中央集權(quán)。
也是因為這個原因,我沒有搬到里斯本,而是選擇搬到國外以獲得更好的工作機會。
Moscow is not Russia. Hatred for muscovites is absolutely common for all the Russia. Unfortunately, our country is ver-very-very overcentralized, so Moscow is absolutely anomaly in all of economic and social indicators. If you have visited Moscow, you have NOT visited Russia. Please welcome, for example, in Rubtsovsk or Asbest.
(俄)莫斯科不是俄羅斯。對莫斯科人的憎恨在俄羅斯全境都是極為普遍的。不幸的是,我們國家的集中化程度極高,所以在所有的經(jīng)濟和社會指標(biāo)上,莫斯科絕對是一個很異常的存在。如果你去過莫斯科,那你就沒去過俄羅斯。歡迎各位去比如說魯布佐夫斯克或阿斯貝斯特。
I don't hold Brussels in high regard. It's not so much the people that live there as it is the aesthetic and general "feel" of the city. The feeling I have when in Brussels, I can only describe as 'uneasiness'.
(比)我對布魯塞爾的評價并不高。對于住在那里的人也談不上有什么惡感,我針對的是這個城市的審美和給人的總體“感覺”。我身處布魯塞爾時的那種感覺,只能用“不自在”來形容。
感覺這座城市的很多區(qū)域都很骯臟,而且亂糟糟的,基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施老化,這一點顯而易見,建筑物很臟,上面布滿了涂鴉,每兩輛汽車就有一輛有凹痕...我還可以列舉很多。你可以打開谷歌街景,去看看“內(nèi)環(huán)線”以外的幾乎任何一條隨機的街道,就能明白我的意思。內(nèi)環(huán)以內(nèi)和靠近旅游中心的地方,情況會稍好一些,但也沒好多少。
As soon as you travel to parts outside of the capital there’ll be hate against it. The more far and rural you travel, the more hate.
(挪)一旦你去到首都以外的地方,就會產(chǎn)生對它的憎恨。你走得越遠,越靠近鄉(xiāng)村,這種憎恨就越深重。
We in Italy like to pick on rome for their atac problems, for their metro not working properly, for their trash problem and for their boar problem (yeah boar, not rats, FUCKING BOARS) but we actually mostly love Rome and the Romans. Well, most of them. Lots of fascists in rome, they we fucking hate
(意)我們意大利人喜歡找羅馬的茬,因為他們的ATAC(意大利國營公共交通公司)出了各種問題,因為他們的地鐵不能正常運轉(zhuǎn),因為他們的垃圾問題,因為他們的野豬問題(是的,是野豬,不是老鼠,是TMD野豬),但事實上,我們大都喜歡羅馬和羅馬人。好吧,是羅馬人中的大部分。在羅馬有很多法西斯分子,這些人我們可討厭了。
The only people that hate Rome are usually old style Lega supporters.
In general in my experience people love Rome.
(意)唯一討厭羅馬的人群通常都是老派的Lega支持者。
以我的經(jīng)驗,人們一般都很喜歡羅馬。
(譯注:Lega即北方帕達尼亞獨立聯(lián)盟,是一個右翼、聯(lián)邦主義、民粹主義和保守派政黨)
The people of Milan also have the stereotypes of being cold, unfriendly, etc not only because they are Milanese, but because us Northeners is generally portrayed as less warm and friendly than the people from the South (roughly anything from Rome south ward).
通常情況下,你看到的那種對首都和住在那里的勢利眼的厭惡是針對米蘭的,雖然它不是首都,但它是證券交易所的所在地,是該國最富有地區(qū)最大的城市,也是一些媒體公司、時裝公司、跨國公司的總部所在地。
對米蘭人也有冷漠、不友好等刻板印象,不僅因為他們是米蘭人,而是因為我們東北部人通常被描繪成不如南方(大約就是羅馬以南的任何地區(qū))人那么熱情、友好。
I think this is the same in most countries. I don’t hate our capital, Amsterdam. I do think it is a whole different world and doesn’t represent The Netherlands at all. Like all capitals the inhabitants tend to be a bit arrogant. Personally I think it’s an ugly and boring city.
(荷)我認(rèn)為大部分國家都存在同樣的情況。我并不討厭我們的首都阿姆斯特丹。但我真心認(rèn)為那里是一個完全不同的世界,也根本無法代表荷蘭。像所有首都一樣,居民們往往有點傲慢。我個人認(rèn)為這是一個丑陋、乏味的城市。
Edinburgh gets a bit of a slagging for supposedly being posh and not really Scottish, but the bigger issue is probably Glaswegians assuming that Glasgow = Scotland and not really getting that the rest of the country is different.
(蘇格蘭)愛丁堡因為所謂的“上流范兒”和“不算真正的蘇格蘭人”而被人罵,但更大的問題可能是格拉斯哥人認(rèn)為格拉斯哥就等于蘇格蘭,而沒有真正理解這個國家的其他地區(qū)是不同的。
(回,蘇格蘭)總有格拉斯哥人認(rèn)為存在某種“較勁”。與此同時,在愛丁堡,沒人關(guān)心這個問題呵呵。
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I'm from London. People hate us cause apparently we're rude, have loads of money, the government give us everything and we're just over crowded idiots. I don't really care to be honest. Most have never lived here, visited or even done anything to do with London but that's how it is
At least if I slate a place, I can say it's cause I've visited. Don't like Birmingham but I love Manchester. Apples and oranges.
(英)我來自倫敦。人們討厭我們,因為很顯然我們很粗魯,超級有錢,政府把一切都給了我們,我們不過是一群擁擠過度的白癡。說實話,我并不太關(guān)心這些。大多數(shù)人從來沒有在這里生活過,也沒有造訪過這里,甚至沒有做過任何與倫敦有關(guān)的事情,情況就是這樣。
至少,如果我要抨擊某個地方,我可以說那是因為我造訪過。我不喜歡伯明翰,但我喜歡曼徹斯特。根本無法比較。
(回,蘇格蘭)大約95%的英國人都去過倫敦,所以估計大部分不喜歡倫敦的人都去過那里。
(回,英)根據(jù)我的經(jīng)驗,我認(rèn)為“倫敦人很粗魯”這種觀念是基于以下幾點:
1)大部分說這種話的人往往是為旅游而來倫敦的。在那些大的旅游景點,絕大部分都是游客,而不是倫敦人,其中一些人可能一句英語都不會說。如果你不能用這門語言來交流,那么這往往會被一些人理解為粗魯。
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2)倫敦市中心壓力太大也太繁忙了,這一點會影響到人們,同樣作為游客,你會在倫敦市中心的工人中左躲右閃,這些人每天都得忍受擁擠的公共交通,當(dāng)擠在讓人汗流浹背的地鐵車廂里時,誰又能真的去責(zé)怪人們不禮貌呢?他們每天都不得不這樣。隨處可見的常態(tài)化的緊迫感也讓人們變得匆忙,不那么愿意閑聊。
3)在一個地方擁有如此多的文化,就意味著人們對個人空間、適當(dāng)?shù)娜穗H交往方式和社交禮節(jié)有不同的想法。
As a Southerner who's lived in the North East for a bit there's definitely a difference, but I think "unforgiving at times" is a better way of describing London than "rude".
基本上,我很確信這些觀念是基于倫敦市中心的經(jīng)驗。我離第一區(qū)越遠,與倫敦人打交道的經(jīng)歷就逐漸變得與英國其他很多地方相似了。
作為一個在東北地區(qū)生活過一段時間的南方人,我會說絕對是存在區(qū)別的,但我認(rèn)為用“偶爾會不寬容”來形容倫敦,要比用“粗魯”好。