有什么關(guān)于人體的事實是很多人不知道的？

He doesn't have an internal monologue.

他就沒有內(nèi)心獨白。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

I do, and mine won't shut up. It's like a news ticker of my to-do list and my worries and conversations I need to have.

我有，并且我的根本停不下來。那就像是一個待辦事件列表的提醒，還有我擔(dān)心的事情，還有我需要進行的對話。

thundermuffin54
Most reflexes never make it to your brain. The sensory aspect travels to the spinal cord and the spinal cord itself sends the muscle movement signals to your limbs.

絕大多數(shù)反射永遠都不會傳導(dǎo)到你的大腦，感受信號在傳導(dǎo)到脊髓之后，脊髓自己就會將肌肉運動信號發(fā)送到四肢。

guto8797
Prime example: touching a hot stovetop by accident and withdrawing your hand so fast that by the time you even feel the burn, the hand is far away

很好的例子：不小心碰到滾燙的煤氣灶之后，你收回自己的手的速度快到當(dāng)你感到燙傷的時候，你的手已經(jīng)撤開很遠了。

TexasPatrick
Humans are one of a few species of mammal that oddly don't produce their own vitamin C due to lack of a certain enzyme. Other mammalian species who exhibit this mutation are those contained in the main primate suborder Haplorhinni (monkeys, apes, tarsiers), as well as bats, capybaras, and guinea pigs.

人類是哺乳動物中少數(shù)由于缺乏特定的酶而無法自行產(chǎn)生維生素C的動物之一。其他呈現(xiàn)出這種變異的哺乳動物是靈長類的主要亞目，類人猿亞目的成員（猴子，猿猴，眼鏡猴等等），以及蝙蝠，水豚和天竺鼠等。

All other mammals produce vitamin C in the liver.

其他所有哺乳動物都能在肝臟中制造維生素C。

insomniac_observer
30% of body waste is excreted via skin

代謝廢物的30%經(jīng)由皮膚排放

localhelic0pter7
People who live in "extreme" conditions for generations adapt in extreme ways. For example people that live in high elevations often have larger lungs and different blood makeup. Or my favorite is the Bajau people that live on the water and spend a lot of their time diving, their spleens have become 50% larger in order to store more blood.

那些幾代都生活在“極端”環(huán)境的人類會用極端的方式來適應(yīng)環(huán)境。比如那些生活在高海拔地區(qū)的人們通常都有更大的肺和不同的血液成分。我最喜歡的是在水上生活的巴瑤族，他們的人生有大部分時間都在潛水，為了儲存更多的血液，他們的脾臟增大了50%。

grenudist
When you get conditioned to physical activity, your circulatory system adapts -- more blood, more vessels, more blood cells. But your lungs really don't. This is because no matter how much blood your heart is able to deliver to your lungs, the lungs still have no problem oxygenating it. This is why your oxygen saturation doesn't drop during exercise (unless you have a heart defect.)

當(dāng)你適應(yīng)某種體育運動的時候，你的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)會做出相應(yīng)的改變——血液更多，血管更多，血細胞更多。但你的肺卻真的不會發(fā)生變化。這是因為無論你的心臟能往肺里輸送多少血液，你的肺都能毫無問題地向血液輸送氧氣。所以你的血氧濃度即使在鍛煉期間也不會下降（除非你的心臟有缺陷）。

EDIT: Thanks to the actual professional in the field, who I quote below:

編輯：感謝相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的專家補充，我引用一下：

Elite endurance athletes CAN push themselves hard enough to the point of creating noticeable oxygen desaturation during bouts of maximal intensity exercise. This is largely due to three factors, the first being the massive venous blood return, the second being large cardiac chamber filling, and the third being HIGH heart rates during this maximal intensity. These elite athletes are able to pump such large volumes of blood per beat that the "deoxygenated" blood isn't spending enough time in the lungs to become saturated to a typical 96-98%.

頂尖的耐久型運動員可以把自己的身體逼到在極限強度的運動中產(chǎn)生顯著的血氧不飽和。這基本上是三個原因?qū)е碌?，第一是靜脈血的大量回流，第二是變大了的心室容積，第三是在最大強度運動中極高的心率。這些頂尖運動員每次心臟跳動能夠泵出的血液體積大到“缺氧”的血液無法在肺里停留足夠的時間使得血氧濃度飽和到通常的96-98%水平。

fatincomingvirus
Is that why regardless of how much I exercise I can't go up a flight of stairs without huffing and puffing?

是因為這個所以我無論做多少運動上樓梯都照樣會呼哧帶喘嗎？

seriousnotshirley
No. It’s because stairs are really hard. If you compute the amount of power necessary to climb stairs for most Americans it’s roughly the same power that Tour de France cyclists spend most of the day riding at.

不，這是因為爬樓梯真的很困難。假如你計算一下大多數(shù)美國人上樓梯時的功率，這基本上和環(huán)法自行車賽手每天騎車時的功率是同一個水平。

Most untrained people will ride a bike at less than half that power. You’ve got to really work at getting to the point that you can climb stairs without huffing and puffing and work really hard to do that for more than a few flights of stairs.

絕大多數(shù)沒有受過訓(xùn)練的人騎單車的時候都只能輸出不到一半的功率。你得非常努力地訓(xùn)練，才能上樓梯不傳奇，并且假如你要多上幾級樓梯的話還要更努力。

The adaptations you need are increased heart strength so that you’re pushing more blood easily and you need need improved vascularization in the leg muscles to get blood to the muscles faster and increased mitochondria in the muscles to make use of that extra oxygen the blood is delivering. Beyond that it also helps to have improved fat metsbolism from doing Kong endurance exercise so you’re able to use fat rather than carbs as an energy source for more than a flight or two of stairs.

你需要做出的適應(yīng)包括心臟能力的增強，這樣你就可以更輕松地泵出更多血液，你的腿部肌肉也需要更多血管，讓血液流經(jīng)肌肉的速度變快，以及肌肉細胞中的線粒體變多，以利用血液輸送的額外氧氣。除此之外你也可以通過做持久訓(xùn)練來改善脂肪的新陳代謝，這樣你在上樓梯的時候就可以利用脂肪而不是糖來作為能量來源。

Im when I still went to an office I’d climb 20 flights every morning and if I could two or three times a day. It wasn’t a cakewalk despite commuting 15 miles each way by bike every day to stay in shape.

我還在辦公室上班的時候，每天早晨都要爬20段樓梯，每天爬兩到三趟。盡管為了保持體型我每天都騎15英里的自行車，但對我來說這也不算輕松。

Dickenmouf
I’ve been walking 40 stories and its incredibly discouraging how it doesn't get any easier. Like its only marginally easier now compared to two months ago. I still do it anyway because it’s helped my running endurance quite a bit.

我一直都在爬40級臺階，但我無論怎樣都沒辦法讓這個變得輕松一些，這讓我感到無比喪氣。就比起兩個月以前只輕松了一點點。我仍然會接著堅持，因為這讓我的跑步耐久能力變強了好多。

seriousnotshirley
Yea, it’s the gradient that kills you, stairs are like a 50% to 60% gradient. For cycling at least a 12% gradient is considered hard and 20% is considered insane.

沒錯，殺死你的是坡度。臺階的坡度有50%-60%，而對于自行車騎手來說，12%的坡度已經(jīng)很困難，而20%的坡度已經(jīng)是變態(tài)了。

donja77
Um, wow. You must be in incredible shape. I did an online cardio the other day, and the trainer had us run up and down the stairs for 4 minutes.. to warm up! I was freaking exhausted, not warmed up!

嗯，哇哦。你現(xiàn)在的體型一定非常好。我前幾天做過一次線上心肺訓(xùn)練，教練讓我們上下爬樓梯爬了四分鐘，只是為了熱身！還熱身，我都累屁了！
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

seriousnotshirley
I’m roughly low level amateur cyclist shape. When I’m in top shape I get to where I could probably compete at a mid level amateur.

我基本上是低級的業(yè)余自行車運動員水平。在我最強的時候我差不多能以中級業(yè)余運動員的身份去競技。

That said running up and down the stairs is a while different world than walking. Four minutes running has me huffing too. The difference is that I probably recover quickly and can do it again and again.

話雖如此，上下跑樓梯和走路真的完全是兩個世界。四分鐘的跑步也會讓我喘氣。但區(qū)別是我或許能恢復(fù)得更快，并且能一遍又一遍地做。

That’s basically what some of my bike workouts are. Go hard for four minutes to the point I’m having trouble keeping control of my breath, go easy for four minutes then repeat 8 or 10 times.

基本上我的單車訓(xùn)練就是這樣。高強度訓(xùn)練四分鐘，到我無法控制自己的呼吸的程度，然后低強度四分鐘，重復(fù)8-10次。

You get into shape quickly if you keep at it.

假如你保持這樣訓(xùn)練，你會很快健壯起來。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

eIImcxc
I'll grab this opportunity to ask a question I have had in my mind for a while.

我想抓住這個機會問一個困擾了我一段時間的問題。

Is it weird that I'm the opposite? I can climb stairs and ladders pretty easily and feeling ok. Same for sprinting (100m) for example.

我正好相反，是很奇怪的事情嗎？我可以非常輕松地爬樓梯和梯子，感覺沒什么事。沖刺跑（100m）也一樣。

But when I jog I hate it so damn much. Can't jog for 5 or 10mins without feeling like I'm about to die.

但慢跑的時候我真的太難受了。連跑5到10分鐘都做不到，感覺我要死了。

seriousnotshirley
Endurance work is a totally different beast from short efforts that can be done from anerobic energy and everyone has a different balance and they need to be trained separately.

持久訓(xùn)練和短暫的爆發(fā)訓(xùn)練是完全不同的，因為后者可以用無氧能量達成，并且每個人在這兩者之間的平衡都不相同，需要區(qū)分訓(xùn)練。

For example, there are two great pro cyclists recently that are totally different. One is former World Champion Peter Sagan. He has a super powerful sprint. He can put out 1500 watts in his sprints at the end of a day of cycling. Think about that, he can power a large microwave and have power to spare.

舉個例子，最近有兩位偉大的專業(yè)自行車運動員，他們的區(qū)分非常大。一位是前世界冠軍彼得·薩甘。他在每天賽段末尾沖刺時可以輸出1500瓦的功率。好好想想，他甚至可以給一個大微波爐供電，甚至還有余力。

Another cyclist, Tour de France winner Chris Froom, sprints at like 850 watts. Even I can sprint harder than that as can many amaterur. On the other hand he can put out like 380 watts for 30+ minutes in the middle of a bike race to break away from the pack and keep riding hard the rest of the day. I can do 380 watts for maybe 70 seconds then I’m wiped out for quite a while.

另一位運動員，環(huán)法冠軍克里斯·弗魯姆，沖刺時的功率是850瓦左右。就算是我在沖刺時也可以輸出比這個更高的功率，其他很多業(yè)余運動員也是如此。但另一方面，他為了沖出車群，可以在賽段中間以380瓦的功率騎行30分鐘以上，并且一天都這么騎下去。我或許能以380瓦騎70分鐘，然后我就得有好一陣子騎不動了。

You may have great anaerobic strength to do those short efforts without noticing anaerobically but your aerobic fitness may not be there, so once your anaerobic stores are burned up you’re toast.

你或許有很強大的無氧能量，所以你可以完成這些短時間爆發(fā)運動，并且感覺不到什么，但是你的有氧強度或許不夠用，因此當(dāng)你無氧積累的能量用完之后你就完了。

When I started cycling I was a wreck. 30 minutes at like 10 or 12 MPH had me unable to walk up stairs. Now I’m shooting for 6 hours at about 17 MPH; but it took a lot of training.

我一開始汽車的時候就是個廢物。10-12英里每小時騎半小時我就上不動樓了?，F(xiàn)在我在努力以17英里每小時的速度騎行6小時，但這需要大量的訓(xùn)練。

Also, I hate running and love cycling because it’s a lot easier to keep going on a bike when it’s difficult than to keep running; at least that’s my experiences

還有，我討厭跑步但是我喜歡騎單車，因為在單車上堅持動下去要比跑步輕松太多了；至少我的經(jīng)歷是這樣。

dhanushan75
Tldr: talked about different muscle types and different endurance training.

太長不看：聊聊不同的肌肉種類和不同類型的耐久訓(xùn)練。

Long read so bear with me on this one boys *

有點長所以請忍一下伙計們

I think you should look into your muscle type. To ELI5 : there are generally two types of muscle, a fast twitching muscle and a slow twitching muscle.

我想你應(yīng)該研究一下自己的肌肉種類。簡單科普：肌肉分兩種，一種是快速收縮型，一種是慢速收縮型。

The characteristics of a fast twitching muscle is that it can generate a lot of power and speed. It can expand and contract a lot faster. But the think with fast twitching muscle is that they consume a lot of energy to do this. A slow twitching muscle on the other hand is the opposite, it can't produce as much as power nor speed as a fast twitching muscle but it consumes less energy

快速收縮型肌肉的特點是能夠輸出大量功率和速度。它可以收縮、舒張得很快。但它需要大量的能量。慢速收縮型肌肉與之相反，它不能輸出這么多能量和速度，但也消耗更少的能量。

Now there are two type of respiration. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration Aerobic respiration is where you breakdown the fat or carbs in your body to convert it into energy. They use oxygen to breakdown the fat and the waste generated is carbon dioxide. Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen for the fat breakdown instead uses carbon dioxide and the waste is lactic acid.

呼吸也分兩種。有氧呼吸和無氧呼吸。有氧呼吸是分解你身體內(nèi)的脂肪和碳水，把它轉(zhuǎn)變成能量。這種呼吸利用氧氣來分解脂肪，生成的廢物是二氧化碳。無氧呼吸不會利用氧氣分解脂肪，但它會利用二氧化碳，代謝廢物是乳酸。

Now when you have a fast twitching muscle, you can sprint at high speed relatively easily but during that sprint your body initially uses aerobic respiration but soon after when your heart cant keep up with the oxygen demand, your muscles shift to anaerobic respiration. And after certain level of lactic acid build up in your muscles it starts to fade away and keep up for long time.

那么假如你的肌肉是快速收縮型，你就可以相對輕松地快速沖刺，但在沖刺的時候你的身體會先使用有氧呼吸，但在你的心臟跟不上氧氣需求的時候，你就會開始使用無氧呼吸。在你的肌肉積累了一定程度的乳酸之后，你的肌肉就會開始不聽使喚，并且乳酸會在其中保存很長時間。

But with slow twitching muscle oxygen demand is less and hence the muscle can use aerobic respiration for a long time. A hence can complete marathons or long distance runs

但慢速收縮型的肌肉對氧氣的需求要少，因此肌肉可以使用有氧呼吸很長時間，因此可以完成馬拉松或長距離跑步。

A simple exam would be to consider a dodge car and a Prius. In order to travel to 1000 km, the dodge can cover the distance faster but has to stop quite often to refuel. But the Prius on the other hand doesnt have to stop often for fuel as it's efficiency is quite high but the drawback is it takes longer time

舉個簡單的例子，道奇和普銳斯。同樣是開1000公里，道奇跑得要更快，但得經(jīng)常停下加油。普銳斯不用經(jīng)常停下來加油，因為燃油效率很高，但它需要開更久。

From what you say i think your muscles could be fast twitch (not a professional uation just my two cents) hence why you can't keep up with long distance runs.

根據(jù)你所說的，我認為你的肌肉或許是快速收縮型（不是專業(yè)評估，只是我的半瓶水建議），因此你長跑跟不下來。

What you need to know when it comes to endurance there are tow ways to train for it. One is the usual jog a long distance like 3km. During this jog the heart beat starts at 90 but soon will be at 150-160 for a long time. The peak would be 170. The steady heartbeat for 150-160 without break keeps your heart at good condition. Remeber the heart is a muscle and like every other muscle the more you exercise the more it gets better. Personally when I jog my heart beat starts at 100 for a minute and it rises to 160-170 where it maintains that pace, occasionally peaks at 180 and maintains this till the end. The other type of endurance training is where you sprint for a short distance say 300m at max speed and then jog or walk for a short distance and repeat this in cycles. This is done to raise your lactic acid tolerance. When you sprint at high speed you body switches to anaerobic and lactic acid builds up in your muscle. But by joging it lets your muscle to expel the lactic acid build. But repeating this in cycles your muscle are forced to operate at high lactic acid build up state but by giving it time in the middle, your muscles don't have to over do and exceed the limit. This in turn raises you muscles lactic acid tolerance level.

你需要知道的是，訓(xùn)練耐久可以有兩種方式。第一種是通常的長距離慢跑，跑3公里左右。在慢跑期間你的心率會從90開始，在150-160的程度保持很長時間。頂峰會是170.沒有休息的、穩(wěn)定的150-160水平的心率可以讓你的心臟保持在健康的水平。記住，心臟也是一塊肌肉，和其他肌肉一樣，你鍛煉得越多，它就越健康。我個人跑步的時候心率從100開始，一分鐘后就會上升到160-170，然后保持在這個水平，有時會上升到180，保持到終點。另一種訓(xùn)練是你以最高速度沖刺比如說300米的距離，然后慢跑或者走一段，這樣循環(huán)。這種訓(xùn)練的目的是提高你的肌肉乳酸耐久度。當(dāng)你高速沖刺時，你的身體會切換到無氧呼吸模式，乳酸會在你的肌肉中堆積。但通過慢跑，肌肉可以排放積累的乳酸。但循環(huán)這種過程會讓你的肌肉不得不在在高速產(chǎn)生乳酸的狀態(tài)下工作，但是因為中間有休息時間，所以肌肉不會過度積累乳酸、超過限制。這會提升你的肌肉的乳酸耐受度。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

The way you seem to operate is that you have fast twitch muscle with has been well adjusted to the second type of endurance hence why the feeling that people are not "fit" as you can complete long distance runs not as relatively hard as you feel. But rest assured if the tables were turned you would probably smoke them.

你看上去是長了快速收縮型的肌肉，并且已經(jīng)很好地適應(yīng)了第二種耐久訓(xùn)練，所以那些看起來沒有你那么健壯的人也能以比你輕松的程度跑完長跑。但放心，假如情況反過來，你很可能可以碾壓他們。

Lipstick_On
Positive blood type women can have positive and negative blood type babies without issue. Negative blood type women require a shot with antibodies to prevent the mothers immune system from attacking the fetus if it is a positive blood type.

陽性血的女性懷陽性血和陰性血的孩子都沒問題。陰性血的孩子需要接種抗體，這樣假如胚胎是陽性血，抗體可以讓母親的免疫系統(tǒng)不去攻擊胎兒。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

BoozeMeUpScotty
And that’s why they prophylactically give you a Rhogam injection if you’ve got an Rh negative blood type and are pregnant, or even if you’re found to be miscarrying, are having an abortion, or anything else that could cause fetal blood to come in contact with your own blood. You’re actually more likely to have a reaction the second time you’re in contact with a positive blood type, so usually women with negative blood types have these issues in their later pregnancies.

所以假如你是Rh陰性血并且你懷孕了的話，他們會預(yù)防性地給你注射羅加姆蛋白，甚至你流產(chǎn)，打算打胎，或者可能發(fā)生任何導(dǎo)致胎兒血液和你自己的血液發(fā)生接觸的事件的話也會如此。你在第二次接觸陽性血之后更有可能發(fā)生免疫反應(yīng)，所以陰性血的女性在二胎以后的孕期更有可能遇到這種問題。

And that’s also why, during a mass casualty event, O negative blood is prioritized for females—they may currently be pregnant, or they have a likelihood of becoming pregnant in the future.

這也是在大規(guī)模傷亡事件之后，O陰性血會優(yōu)先向女性提供的原因——她們或許現(xiàn)在正在懷孕，或者未來有可能懷孕。

O positive blood can be given with Rhogam to avoid a reaction in those who are Rh negative, but it has the least risk in males.

Rh陰性血攜帶者可以在接種O陽性血的同時接種羅加姆蛋白來避免發(fā)生免疫反應(yīng)，但這種方法在男性身上風(fēng)險最小。

jaelIlii
Babys can break their collarbone during delivery. It happens quite often, but heals quickly. My teacher told me that (if it happened to you ofc) you may feel a slightly higher spot on your collarbone, called the callus where the fracture grew back together.

嬰兒在出生時可能鎖骨骨折。這種事經(jīng)常發(fā)生，但是痊愈得很快。我老師告訴我（假如發(fā)生在了你的身上）你或許能在鎖骨上摸到一塊稍微隆起一點的地方，那是斷裂的鎖骨重新結(jié)合的地方。

Windshards2
Each one of your eyes has a blind spot where the optic nerve exit your eye into your brain. You can't see it because your brain tricks you not to see, it covers the spot with some made up image of what it thinks fits better with the rest of it.

你的每只眼睛都有一個盲點，那是眼部神經(jīng)從眼睛進入大腦的位置。你發(fā)現(xiàn)不了這個忙點，因為你的大腦會騙你，大腦會制造一些它覺得放在那里合適的圖像來把那個忙點掩蓋起來。

Wurdan
The sensation of suffocating isn’t caused by the thing that actually kills you. You’ll die from a lack of oxygen, but the feeling of suffocation is the result of being unable to exhale carbon dioxide. So if you started breathing in pure nitrogen while being able to exhale normally, you would pass out and die without ever feeling like you were suffocating. This also explains why some languages call nitrogen something like ‘suffocation gas’.

窒息感不是由真正殺死你的東西導(dǎo)致的。你會死于缺氧，但你的窒息感是因為你無法呼出二氧化碳。所以假如你呼吸純氮氣，并且可以自由呼氣，你會暈過去，死掉，并且根本感覺不到窒息。這也可以解釋為什么在某些語言中氮氣的意思是“窒息氣體”。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

Inner_Inspection6408
Humans have, on average, just as many hairs on their body as chimpanzees, human hair is just a lot shorter and finer.

平均上來說，人類身體上的毛發(fā)和黑猩猩一樣多。只是人類的毛發(fā)更短也更細。

cheesefondue
“ Humans have, on average, just as many hairs on their body as chimpanzees.” false. I have zero chimpanzees on my body

“平均上來說，人類身體上的毛發(fā)和黑猩猩一樣多?！奔俚?。我身體上一只黑猩猩也沒有。

Crackracket
In theory humans could breathe a liquid if it was super saturated with oxygen. It wouldn't be easy because the density of liquid being so much higher than air so after 15 mins or so you would be too fatigued to continue breathing.

理論上人類可以在液體中呼吸，只要這種液體能超級飽和地溶解氧氣。達到這點并不簡單，因為液體的密度比空氣要大太多，所以15分鐘之后，你就會累得無法繼續(xù)呼吸下去。

The hardest part is getting all the liquid out of the lungs so the person doesn't get pneumonia

最困難的是在把這個人肺部的所有液體排出去的同時，讓他不患肺炎。

rock374
There’re is such a liquid. It is called perflourocarbon. It has proposed uses in diving, space travel, medical treatments and torture

有這種液體，叫做過氟化碳。在潛水、太空旅行、醫(yī)療和刑訊逼供上都有應(yīng)用前景。

Matrozi
You can live "normally" with half your brain. In some severe drug resistant epileptic syndrom in young kids, the only option to stop the seizures is to remove a complete brain hemisphere.

你就算只有一半腦子也可以“正?！鄙?。在某些得了嚴重的抗藥性癲癇綜合征的孩子身上，阻止發(fā)病的唯一辦法就是摘除完整的腦半球。

After a while, with proper reeducation and all, the children can go on to have a normal life without cognitive deficit. They will have a limping, blindness from one eye and a very weark arm but can lead a normal life and not end up cognitively impaired.

在過一陣子之后，經(jīng)過適當(dāng)?shù)脑俳逃刃袨橹螅⒆觽兛梢栽跊]有認知缺陷的情況下繼續(xù)生活。他們或許會瘸一條腿，會單目失明，會有一條胳膊使不上勁，但他們?nèi)匀荒苓^正常的生活，并且在認知上不會受到損傷。

One of the earliest sign of alzheimer's disease, before the memory loss, could be the loss of the sense of smell. It's also the case with Parkinson disease.

阿爾茲海默癥最早的跡象，發(fā)生在記憶受損之前，可以是嗅覺的失靈。帕金森癥也是如此。

Our brain looks wrinkled because it is actually "folded" inside our skull in order to fit a maximum of surface and thus neurons & cell communications. Some animals like rodents have a completely smooth brain.

我們的大腦看起來皺皺的，是因為它為了表面積和神經(jīng)元、細胞的交流最大化，在我們的大腦里“折疊”了。某些動物，例如嚙齒類，它們的大腦是完全平滑的。

e1021
Every minute you shed over 30,000 dead skin cells off your body

每分鐘你都會把超過30000個死掉的上皮細胞從你身上甩下去。

felipebsr
The surface area of the lungs is about the same size as a tennis court

肺的表面積大抵和網(wǎng)球場相當(dāng)。

elmonstro12345
That's crazy. Although it does explain how it can transfer O2 and CO2 so fast.

這真瘋狂。但確實能解釋肺為什么可以如此快速地交換氧氣和二氧化碳。

AvailableUsername404
Because many people imagine lungs as 'balloons' while it's more like sponge. That's how you get a lot of area. A lot of very long tunnels. And then your lung surface area is sum of all those tunnels inner surface.

因為很多人把肺想象成“氣球”，但其實它更像是海綿，這樣你才能獲得更大的表面積。很多非常長的隧道。肺的表面積就是所有這些隧道的內(nèi)表面的總和。

SpartanZeroOn3
Swallowing has a cooldown

吞咽是有CD的。

Dysiak
I tried doing it really fast and I started choke-coughing and now people in my office are asking me if I'm okay.

我試了一下非?？焖俚赝萄?，然后我嗆得咳嗽了，現(xiàn)在辦公室的人都在問我發(fā)生甚么事了。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

Altazaar
WHAT THE FUCK! DO WHAT IM TELLING YOU BODY

他娘的！照我說的做，身體！

Stolen_Colgater
Unfortunately, if the body listened to us we would all die very very fast

不幸的是假如身體真的聽我們的話，我們都會死得非常非?？?。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

IamaJarJar
When doing surgery were the doctors have to take out some organs, when placing them back, they dont have to be put back In the exact position there meant to be, your body kind of just, moves the organs into the correct position after the surgery

做手術(shù)的時候，假如醫(yī)生們需要把某些器官取出來，當(dāng)他們把器官放回去的時候，他們不會按照原本的確切的位置放回去，你的身體會在手術(shù)后把器官就自己挪回正確的位置上。

DocHoss
I saw a doctor wipe off my wife's uterus with a rag like a mechanic cleaning off a piston before shoving it back into her like it was a pillow going into her pillow case (I.e. Body).

我曾經(jīng)見識過一個醫(yī)生用一塊布把我妻子的子宮擦干凈，就像機械師擦活塞一樣，然后他又把子宮塞回她肚子里，就像把枕芯塞到枕頭套里那樣。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

Cruithne
You can calm yourself down by splashing cold water on your face to trigger the mammalian diving reflex.

你可以往自己臉上拍涼水，觸發(fā)哺乳動物的潛水反射來讓自己冷靜下來。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

MoodyTeeth
Our brains make up, on average, around 2% of our body weight but consume 20% of our caloric intake

我們的大腦平均來說只占體重的2%，卻會消耗卡路里攝入的20%

yeronyms
So i need to think more to lose weight?

所以我為了減肥得多想點事兒？

spilledmind
So I’m skinny because I overthink everything?

所以我太瘦是因為想太多？

that_doesnt_gothere
Synovial joint fluid is the most frictionless stuff on the planet (unless they've synthetic'ed something up that recently.)

關(guān)節(jié)滑液是這個星球上摩擦力最小的東西（除非他們最近合成了別的東西）

Radioactivocalypse
When my car door was squeaky with rust, I put some of my synovial joint fluids on the hinges and now it opens and closes perfectly.

當(dāng)我的車門落滿了灰嘎吱作響的時候，我只需要把我的關(guān)節(jié)滑液抹到鉸鏈上，現(xiàn)在它就能完美地開合了。

Now I just need to reattach my shoulder

我也只需要把肩膀再接上就行了

Hattix
Your stomach is surrounded by more brain cells (half a billion neurons) than the brain of a cat contains in total.

你肚子里的腦細胞（五億個神經(jīng)元）比一只貓的大腦的所有細胞加起來還要多

It's your enteric nervous system. It controls digestion, operates autonomously, has its own memory, can handle its own reflexes, it has its own senses even.

這是你的腸神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，它負責(zé)控制消化，能自動運行，有自己的記憶，可以處理自己的反射，甚至有自己的感覺。

It's thought to have come about because of the blood-brain barrier and the main brain being locked away in the skull, a spinal column and nerves away from the critical action of nutrition.

有人認為它的形成可能是因為這個獲取營養(yǎng)的關(guān)鍵地點距離大腦有一個血腦屏障，一個顱骨，一個脊椎和一大截神經(jīng)那么遠。

Kribble118
So my stomach has it's own mind? Knew it wasn't my fault I was fat

所以我的胃有自己的想法？我就知道肥不是我的錯。

MaskedNavajo
The human body typically only uses 30% of its muscle’s strength. The only times where your body will activate full power is when it’s life or death. The cost of full muscle power is torn muscles, broken bone, stress, and in some cases, lacerations.

人體通常只會用到肌肉力量的30%。肌肉能發(fā)揮全部力量的唯一狀況就是生死關(guān)頭。肌肉釋放全力的代價是肌肉撕裂，骨折，壓力，以及在某些情況下，傷口。

SlavicSquat1234
Your eyes have a separate immune system from the rest of your body and in a lot of occasions if your body's immune system finds your eyes, they will assume they are a foreign body and blind you.

你的眼睛的免疫系統(tǒng)和身體其余地方是分開的，因此在很多情況下假如你的身體的免疫系統(tǒng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了你的眼睛，他們會認為眼睛是外來物質(zhì)，從而讓你變瞎。
原創(chuàng)翻譯：龍騰網(wǎng) http://www.top-shui.cn 轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處

Havokpaintedwolf
the human bodies immune system is a twitchy redneck with a bad eye and a really big shotgun.

人體免疫系統(tǒng)就是個易怒的紅脖兒，視力不太好，手里還拿著一桿巨大的霰彈槍。

CyberDagger
In fact, when you have a viral infection, most of the time it's not the virus itself that kills you. It's your immune system going so high on alx when the infection gets severe that it starts attacking your own organs as well desperately trying to destroy all of the virus.

事實上當(dāng)你被病毒感染的時候，殺死你的通常都不是病毒本身。是你被感染得十分嚴重滯后，你的免疫系統(tǒng)警戒程度高到在破釜沉舟地消滅所有病毒的同時開始攻擊你自己的器官。

This is the case with our friend COVID-19. And in a bit of a tangent, bats having evolved to fly also resulted in them having a dampened inflammatory response, so they are commonly hosts to many viruses without showing any symptoms.

我們的好朋友新冠肺炎就是如此。說到新冠肺炎，蝙蝠進化出飛行的能力之也導(dǎo)致了更加麻木的免疫反應(yīng)，所以他們會成為很多病毒的宿主，而它們本身不產(chǎn)生癥狀。

UniTheGunslinger
To be fair it's basically been at war since its birth

有一說一，免疫系統(tǒng)從出生以來就一直在打仗。

Acceptable_Inside_13
Certain types of eye injuries often result in the loss of both eyes since the injury to one eye sets off the immune response which kills the other.

某些種類的眼傷經(jīng)常會導(dǎo)致雙目失明，因為一只眼睛受的傷導(dǎo)致的免疫反應(yīng)會把另一只眼睛也給干死。

angry_centipede
The average adult has 22 square feet of skin. Perfect size for a nice rug.

成年人的皮膚面積平均為22平方英尺。完美適合一塊地毯。

setsail2
You actually need a few bodies for a nice rug because not every part of skin will come out nicely

但你想要坐一塊好地毯的話其實需要不止一個尸體，因為并不是每部分皮膚都能很好看的。